Edmond Desbonnet, La Rois de la Force and the Chronicling of History

One of the challenges facing historians of physical culture across ages is the issue of biography. Those strongmen and women from the nineteenth and early twentieth-century who did so much to capture our respective attention were, for better or for worse, masters of publicity. It is so often difficult to distinguish between fact and fiction when it comes to the real lives of these performers, and for very good reason. The often dirty secret of the fitness industry is that aside from being performers and athletes, such individuals were also entrepreneurs. They had stories and products to sell and, as...

Attila painting before restoration

Professor Attila’s Scrapbook in the Classroom

  Like many of my colleagues, online learning has been something of a mixed experience. Entire courses have been completely redesigned, I’m often left lecturing in my spare bedroom and I live, almost constantly, in fear of my two dogs taking over a lecture owing to their indignation with our mail carrier. Students, I’m well aware, are facing all of these pressures and then some. There has been then, a temptation, to simply fall back into tried and tested habits so that I, and the students, can simply survive the semester. I will admit, somewhat shamefully, that such a thought...

Sean Connery as a young bodybuilder, kneeling pose, flexing arms, chest, and left leg.

Remembering Sean Connery as a Bodybuilder and Athlete

  Thomas Sean Connery’s breakthrough as an actor came in 1962 when he was cast in the role of James Bond, Agent 007 of the British Secret Intelligence Service, a fictional character adapted for the screen from Ian Fleming’s spy novels. Connery portrayed Bond in seven films, all of which were immensely successful. The worldwide popularity of James Bond movies elevated Connery, a Scotsman, to an iconic status as the Scotsman. A rugged type of handsome, Connery radiated masculinity and spoke with a deep and poignant brogue. He starred in movies for the better part of four decades. A performance...

Barbells and Bios: Health and Strength Magazine, Part V

One of my favourite treats at the end of the year was the publication of sporting annuals. Based in Ireland, I would eagerly await the sale of soccer, rugby, boxing and wrestling annuals more so than my Christmas presents. Annuals offered an opportunity to reflect on the successes, and failures of the previous year. Much like these blog posts, they represented an opportunity to pause and reflect on some of the lesser known or understudied aspects of the sporting calendar. By now, my fondness for Health and Strength magazine is rather obvious. What continually draws me to this magazine is...

Graduate students Dominic Morais, left, and Ben Pollack, right, pose for a photograph in the Stark Center's archives.

The Ph.D. Program in Physical Culture and Sport Studies

Last October we celebrated our tenth anniversary with a special day-long event at the Stark Center for the subscribers of our journal, Iron Game History: The Journal of Physical Culture (now in its 30th year).  Many of our subscribers had never been to see the Center and so as we planned the day, we allowed plenty of time for wandering through the exhibits and then had several speakers who talked about how they used the Center for research.  Among those was Dr. John Fair whose forthcoming book on Olympic weightlifter Tommy Kono is based on the Kono archives, which John...

Barbells and Bios: Health and Strength Magazine, Part IV

Born in Leeds in 1928, Reg Park was one of the most impressive bodybuilders of the mid-twentieth century. For many in the 1940s and ‘50s, the top physique athletes were Park, Steve Reeves and John Grimek.  Over the course of his bodybuilding career, Park won the Mr. Britain, Best Developed Athlete in America and Mr. Universe titles during the 1940s and 1950s. For more modern bodybuilding fans, it is worth pointing out that Park was supposedly the man who inspired Arnold Schwarzenegger to seriously take to weight training. The above front cover, dating to June 1950, was taken the same...

Black and White Portrait of Dudley Sargent

Stark Center materials quoted in an article on Dudley Allen Sargent

An article about Dudley Allen Sargent, “Belfast man pioneered physical education, influenced basketball’s creation and field hockey’s U.S. introduction”, published in the Penobscot Bay Pilot quotes some resources at the Stark Center.  The article quotes Jason P. Shurley, Jan Todd and Terry Todd’s book Strength Coaching in America: A History of the Innovation That Transformed Sports and  Carolyn de la Pena’s article “Dudley Allen Sargent: Health Machines and the Energized Male Body” from Iron Game History, Vol.8 No. 2, October 2003 issue.  The article also uses quotes from Carolyn de la Pena’s book The Body Electric: How Strange Machines Built...

Barbells and Bios, Health and Strength Magazine, Part III

Barbells and Bios, Health and Strength Magazine, Part III

There was a time when Indian club swinging was one of the most fascinating, and even popular, elements of gym culture. Originally brought to Western Europe and the United States in the first half of the nineteenth century, when it was transported from the East India Company, club swinging involved swinging lightweight clubs around the body in a variety of different exercises. As in all else, human nature meant that club swinging soon became a competitive sport in Great Britain and many of her colonial subjects. Therein lies the focus of today’s post. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth...

Front cover of Health and Strength February 7, 1920. A man balances a pole on his chin. A child balances at the top of the pole.

Barbells and Bios: Health and Strength Magazine, Part II

Continuing my dive into the backcatalogue of Health and Strength magazine is today’s discussion of an important, at least in my eyes, cover from the early 1920s. The cover features T.W. Standwell from, Dublin, Ireland. Standwell was one of the first Irishmen to appear on the cover of Health and Strength despite the fact that Irishmen had long appeared in articles, contests and advertisements. Given that my own research is broadly interested in Irish physical culture perhaps biases me to this image but for those interested in physical culture, and weightlifting, the cover holds interest. At the time of publication,...